# Anatomy data attribution

## Heart

Kristen Browne; Heidi Schlehlein. 2022. **3D Reference Organ for Heart, Female v1.2**. HuBMAP.
https://doi.org/10.48539/HBM384.VWVH.465

Reviewer of the original reference organ: Shin Lin. Project lead: Katy Börner.
Based on the National Library of Medicine Visible Human Female.
Original asset: https://cdn.humanatlas.io/hra-releases/v1.2/models/VH_F_Heart.glb

## Blood vasculature

**HuBMAP CCF 3D Reference Object Library**, Female Blood Vasculature v1.2.
Library contributors: Kristen Browne, Heidi Schlehlein, Bruce W. Herr II, Ellen Quardokus, Andreas Bueckle, Katy Börner (2022).
https://hubmapconsortium.github.io/ccf/pages/ccf-3d-reference-library.html
Original asset: https://cdn.humanatlas.io/hra-releases/v1.2/models/VH_F_Blood_Vasculature.glb

Both source models are licensed under **Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)**:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

## Modifications in this viewer

- 14 heart structures and 43 vessel structures extracted from the source triangle meshes.
- Coordinates translated by [0.03, 0.445, -0.055] meters and scaled by 50. One display unit is 20 mm.
- Selected vessels extend to the neck and upper abdomen, including arch branches, hepatic veins, celiac trunk, common hepatic artery, splenic artery and SMA. Peripheral triangles are cropped without closing source boundaries. Relative source positions of retained geometry are preserved.
- Display materials, lights, structure colors and educational labels added; material appearance is illustrative.
- The four static valve meshes are replaced at runtime by 15 educational leaflet regions, fitted to their source positions and principal planes. The remaining 53 source structures are retained (68 rendered meshes; 222,665 triangles). The original extracted static data remain in the binary asset.
- Reconstructed mitral anterior/posterior leaflets carry A1–A3/P1–P3 region names. Tricuspid anterior/posterior/septal leaflets use a representative three-leaflet configuration. Aortic LCC/RCC/NCC positions reference the source left/right coronary origins and septal side; pulmonary anterior/left/right cusps are also reconstructed. These new surfaces are not segmented individual leaflets from the source authors.
- Cardiac animation is an illustrative deformation (radial/longitudinal contraction and twist), not a measured temporal acquisition. Reconstructed leaflets open and close in a modeled normal sequence, including isovolumic intervals, with fixed annular attachment. No measured motion, hemodynamic simulation, or chordal motion is supplied.
- Landmark-derived virtual section presets and continuous interpolation added. No clinical TEE calibration or validation of this application is implied by the source atlas review.
- Exact plane/triangle intersections of the deformed geometry drive the section display and leaflet labels. Open contours in the retained source structures remain outlines; their missing boundaries are not filled.

No endorsement of this application by HuBMAP, HRA, NLM, the contributors, or the original reviewers is implied.

## Valve nomenclature references

- University of Minnesota, Visible Heart Laboratories, Cardiac Valve Nomenclature: https://www.vhlab.umn.edu/atlas/anatomy-tutorial/cardiac-valve-nomenclature.shtml
- American Society of Echocardiography, Recommended Standards for the Performance of Transesophageal Echocardiographic Screening for Structural Heart Intervention (2022): https://www.asecho.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/PIIS0894731721005940.pdf
- NHLBI, How the Heart Works — How Blood Flows through the Heart: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/heart/blood-flow

These references support terminology and the qualitative valve sequence, not validation of this reconstruction or its TEE presets.

## Rendering library

Three.js r180 — MIT License. See ../vendor/THREE-LICENSE.txt.

## View catalog and vascular extension

- Standard 28 names, numbers and reference angle ranges: ASE/SCA 2013, Table 10. https://www.asecho.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/2013_Performing-Comprehensive-TEE.pdf
- IVC/hepatic veins: same guideline, Figure 17 and systemic venous connections section.
- Aortic and arch imaging limitations: ASE/EACVI 2015. https://www.asecho.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/2015_Thoracic-Aorta.pdf
- Abdominal aorta/visceral artery TEE feasibility: Orihashi et al. (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9538565/
- No figures from these references were copied into the atlas. Preset geometry is an approximation in this one source anatomy. The atlas does not model tracheal acoustic shadows, intervening gas, probe contact or Doppler flow.
- The extended geometry is recorded with the raw GLB hash in anatomy.json vascularExtension. The 15 selected vessel components retain source coordinates; 10 new mesh components are added and 5 existing vessel components are extended. Abdominal and neck vessels are excluded from the distant myocardial contraction field.